Flying-machine.



P. A. NILSON. FLYING MACHINE. ,APPLIOATION FILED snrTfze, 1911. r 1,033,452. Patented July 23, 1912.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

P. A. NELSON.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 26,1911.

@atented July 23, R512. 4 $EEETS-3HEET 2.

IV/T'l Fm o Z4 {inventor 27ft 60 f0 fi dm laan,

P. A. NILSON.

FLYINQ MAGHIRE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 26, 1911.

3 1,038,452. Batented July 23 1912.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

FLYIIQG MACHINE.

APPLIQATION FILED SEP'1.,26, 1911.

Patanteal July 23 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PEER A. NILSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, lENNSYLVANIA.

FLYING Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1912.

Application filed September 26, 1911. Serial No. 651,450.

To all "t .01 22 it may concern Be it known that I, Print A. NILSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and Sate of Pennsyl ania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying-illachines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to ini iroveinents in. flying machines. the ob ect of the invention being to provide improved means which permit the machine to rise di 'ectiy from the ground overcoming the necessity of a runtiter object is to provide improved :ielters which when released elevate e, and at the same time cause the ie machine to be spread, and the lily take t he air and alone through Ell her object is to provide a flying :iving folding wings and planes, in on with spring kickers and pro-- A. ns, whereby when the propelling iiert sui'trient forward motion to the machin the kickers will be antoniati rall reh air, and pron nti d wn to operative po 1' to s i machine in the air while the carries it forwardl her object is to provide a niacaine racter in which the several operaidcred automatic, so that the l, as far as possible, "are of on it springs i to the air, so t'm t it All its flight easily and gracefully, lll"'il bird begins its flight.

proi'u c win 's and planes wi the-r object is to an in construetion of Wit witch are of foldin out into =1 vide improved to maintain in View, the ol. features is and arpains, as be more fully csci'ihed pointed out in the J rawings: gore 1, a view in longitudinal section illustrating my improvements inset position ready to s :onipanying d l l 1 l l l l l l of bolts 5. to elevate the machine in the begin its flight. Fig. 2, is a view in section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a View in front elevation. Fig. 4, is a fragmentary View of the forward part of the machine shown in Fig. 1', but showing the parts in position after the machine has begun its flight. Fig. 5, is a top plan View 011 a reduced scale showing the machine in flight. Fig. 6, is a transverse section on an enlarged scale illustrating the manner of conne jzting the wings, and also illustrating the upper supporting folding plane. Fig; 7, is a View in front elevation illustrating the position of the several parts when the inachine is in flight, and Fig. 8, is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale illustrating in section the structure shown in Fig. 6.

1, represents the body portion of my im proved flying machine, which may be made in various ways, but preferably constructed as light as possible, and may be arranged for carrying many or few passengers as desired. This body 1 is connected by uprights 2 with a top 3, and on this top 3 at its rear end a tail 4 is adjustabiy secured by means The bolls are projected through slots 6 in the tail, and in the body, and are .Qi'flllcd by means of nuts 7, so that the device may be extended or shortened desired. The top 3 and the tail -1- are preferahly of light metal, and the forward end 8 of the body is flared upwardly as shown most clearly in Fig. 1, and is connected by a brace 9 with the forward upright 10. This upright 10, as well as the main upright 11 are disposed parallel to each other, and are preferably connected by the brace 9, which is extended from one to the other as shown. Between the top 3 and the body 1,- Worm propellers 12 are mounted upon shafts 13 in cylindrical casings 1 and these shafts 13 may or may not be provided at their rear ends with blade pro ellers 15. On these shafts l3, sprocket w reels 16 are mounted, and are connected by chains 17 with sprocket wheels 18 on a longitudinal shaft 19. This shaft 19 extends throughout the greater portion of the length of body 1, and is provided on its forward end with a propeller In the body 1, a motor 21 is mounted, and turns a shaft 2 On this shaft 22 a sprocket wheel :23 is located, and is connected by a chain 24 a sprocket Wheel 25 on shaft 19, so that motion is transmitted from the motor'to the propeller shaft.

26, 26, represent the two main wings of any machine. These wings are pivotally supported on the post 11, and are adapted to be swung to aposition either longitudinally of the machine or transversely of the machine, so that'they may be folded into small compass or extended for flight. These wings 26 are made preferably of metal or of some elastic or flexible material which is capable of warping or flexing, and they are provided with two cords 27 and 28.

The rear cord 28 extends from a point centrally of the body in line with post 11,

thence upwardly to and secured to one of I to the forward edge of the other wing 26,

thence through the eye 31 and to, and secured to, a foot lever 82. By manipulating these foot levers and. 32, the wings 26 may be flexed or warped. In other words, the manipulation of the cord 27 will cause 30 the forward edge of one wing to rise, and the other to lower in accordance with the position of the machine, so as to establish an equilibrium. This motion is readily accomplished by the foot levers 30 and 32,

which" are located adjacent the operators seat To prevent any possibility of the wings lifting from the body when the machine is in flight, said wings are provided with l..-

shaped lugs 34 to engage under the side edges of top 3, and the inner ends of the wings are interlocked by providing a bent tongue 35 on one wing to engage over a lug 36 on the other. To swing these wings back to folded position, an operating cord 37 is provided and extends through the to 3, and is provided with three branch co'r s 38, 39, and 40. The cords 38 and 69 are secured to the wings 26 respectively, whilethe cord 40 is connected to the bent tongue 35.

The cords 38 and 89 contain more slack than the cord 40, so that the first pull. on cord 37 serves to lift the tongue 35, and unlock the wings before they are pulled back to folded position. The opening of the wings to spread, or sailing position, is accomplished automatically as will now be explained. Cords 41 are secured to the rings 26, and are also secured to a drum 42 e counted loosely on shaft 19 in a frame 43. The drum 42 is adapted to be moved on the shaft 19 so as to lock the drum to a clutch 44 fixed to the shaft. The movement of the drum is controlled by the frame 43, and

$5 this frame also moves a drum 45 on the incense shaft 19, so asto engage or disengage a clutch 46 fixed to the shaft. The drum 45 has secured thereto a cord 47 which is connected at itsupper end to the center bar 48 of a' folding plane 49. This folding plane 49 comprises two hinged members having bearing sleeves 50 which slide on the uprights 10 and 11. Pivoted links 51 compel said members to move to horizontal position when the bar 48 is drawn downwardly, while springs 52 compel the plane to collapse or fold when permitted to elevate.

To secure the device in its lowered position, spring catches 53 are provided in the uprights and to said catches cords 54 are 0 secured and are adapted when drawn downward to move the catches inwardly, and permit the plane to fold as shown in Fig. 1. To the bottom of body 1, my improved spring-kickers 55 are secured at one end. These kickers each comprise two bow springs which are connected at their free ends by transverse rods 56. Rod 56 of the rear kicker is connected by a cord 57 with the rod of thefront kicker, and is passed 1 over a pulley 58 on the bottom of the body 1, so as to compel the kickers to. move in unison. The front kicker is connected by a cord 59 with a drum 60 on motor shaft 22. This drum 60 is adapted to be locked to the shaft 22 by means of a clutch 61 which is, controlled by a lever 62 fulcrumed at 63, and provided with a handle 64 in. convenient reach of the operator. The movement of this lever is limited by a slotted bracket 65 through which a pin 66 on the said lever Y projects.

The kickers are held in normal set position by means of a spring member 67, which not only constitutes a catch, but has other functions, and for convenience of description, I refer to this part as a member and will separately describe its parts and func tions. This member 67 is pivotally connected to the body as shown at 68, and one end is connected to the frame 44, so that the movement of the member on its pivot serves to move the frame. and the drums. 42 and 45. The intermediate portion of the member below the body is shaped to form a hook 69 to receive the cross rod 56 of the front kicker, and hold it in said position. Adjacent this hook, the member is shaped forming a cam face 70 which is adapted to be engaged-by the cross rod 56, when the kicker moves to set position so as to compel the member tomove far enough to allow the kicker to engage the hook. The extreme for ward end of the member 67 is connected by a link 71 with a kickerreleasing arm 72, 1 5 which is pivotally supported between its ends on a bracket 73 secured to the front end of the body 1. The lower end of this arm 72 is sharp, and while Isorne times refer to this part as a resister because it resists the forward motion of the machine when the machine obtains a suflicient forward m0- mentum, the arm will be swung on its pivot and the kickers released as will be readil understood. A chain 74 is secured to tlns arm 72, and is located in close proximity to the operators seat, so that the operator may lift the arm at his pleasure.

As above stated, the movement of the member 67 in one direction causes the drums 42 and 45 to be thrown into engagement with their clutches, and locked to turn with shaft 19. This, of course, compels the cords to wind on these drums, and move the wings 26 to spread or open position, as well as draw the plane 19 to open horizontal position. To prevent these drums from overwinding, which would cause damage, a vertical bar 75 is provided, and has a cam end 76 to engage the frame 43 and move it in the direction opposite to that caused by the member 67. That is, this bar 75 releases the drums when the bar is elevated, and its elevation is" due to the action of the ends of wings 26 against the cam faces 76 of a block 77 on the upper end of said bar. Hence,'this movement of the wings 26 together causes their operating mechanism to be stopped. I

To steer the machine through the air, varione means may of course be employed, a simple means being to render the tail 4 fleXible and provide a vertically positioned vane 78, and to the tail and to said vane, cords 79 and 80 are provided, so that they may be swung by a suitable lever 81 in convenient reach of the operator.

Certain parts of the machine are omitted I for purposes of clearness, but it is to be understood of course, that the machine is to be equipped with all necessary appliances for steering as well as for the comfort of the passengers.

The operation is as follows: By reference to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the several pi irts are shown in set position, ready for starting. When the motor is started, shaft 19% will be turned through the medium of chain 24 and its sprocket wheels to revolve the propeller 20, as well as the propellers l2 and 15. The starting arm or resister 72 engages the ground. When the propellers attain sufficient speed to move the machine forwardly, such movement will cause the arm 72 to swing on'its fulcrum and move member 67 to release the kickers to throw the frame 48, so as to move the drums 42 and 45 into locked engagement wit-htheir clutches. Whenv the kickers are released, they will strike the ground, and throw the machine upwardly. At the same time, the drums 42 and 45 will wind their cords 4:1 and 47 respectively, so that the wings 26 will be swung out to the plane 49 drawn downwardly to its space being required.

operative position, and

operative position. "When the wings 26 complete their outward movement, they will elevate the bar 75 as above described, so as to force the frame 43 forwardly and re-- lease the drums from their clutches, preventing any overwinding. The wings will automatically lock together as above explained, and they are permitted the free swinging movement to open or closed position by reason of the arrangement of the cords 27 and 28. To maintain an equilibrium in flight, it is simply necessary for the operator to flex or warp the wings 26 as above explained, and the steering mechanism above pointed outenables him to direct the flight as he desires. After the machineis well along its way, the operator depresses the lever 62, so that the drum will be locked to this clutch 61, and the kickers will be drawn up to the set position shown. When they do reach this position, the crossbar 56 of the front kicker will ongage lever 62, and throw the clutch (31, so as to prevent overwinding of the drum 64.

It will therefore be noted that not only can the machine be folded so as to occupy but relatively small compass in its garage, but that it will jump into the air when the propellers attain a sufiicient forward velocity, and the wings and the plane will be automatically spread so as to take the air.

and allow'the machine to gracefully glide away. This machine therefore needs no running start, as is common to most machines, and may be started readily from the deck of a ship or elsewhere without much The machine does not jump into the air until its forward ve locity is sufficient to carry it along, and soon as it does spring into the air, its wings are spread and sustain the same. l/Vhen the machine alights, the springkickers actas runners to allow it to glide easily along the ground without. shock or jar, and if it is upon the earth, the arm or resistor 72 may be dropped so as to act as a brake, and quickly stop the machine.

Throughout the specification I have referred to a number of parts as cords, I would have it understood that by the use of this term, I mean any flexible connecting device such as cables, chains or the like.

Various slight changes. might be made in the general form and arrangement of parts described without departing from my invention, and hence I do not limit myself to the precise details set forth, but consider myself at, liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. 7

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of. a spring kicker seciilred at one end to said body and adapted at its free end to engage the ground, substantially as described.

2. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a spring kicker secured at one end to said body and adapted at its free end to engage the-ground, means for holdingconnecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, and means for holding said kickers in set position, substantially as described.

4. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body,

and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position, means for releasing the kickers from set po' sition, and means for. drawing said kickers into set position, substantially as described.

5. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickerson said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting'device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position,

' means for releasing the kickers from set position, means for drawing said kickers into set position, said last-mentioned means comprising a drive shaft, a drum on the drive shaft, a clutch on the drive shaft locking said drum to the shaft, a flexible connecting device connecting the drum with one of said rods, and means for moving said clutch, substantially as described.

6. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a spring kicker on said body, a pivoted arm or resister adapted to engage the ground, and said arm or resister con- .structed to release the kickers when the ma-,

chine attains a forward momentum, substan-. tially as described.

7. In a flying machine; the combination with a body, of a spring kicker on the body,- i means for holding the kicker in set position,

and means for releasing the kicker, a pivoted arm or resistor adapted to engage the ground, and said arm or resister constructed to release the kickers when the machine attainsa forward momentum, substantially as described.

8. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, and means for holding said kickers in. set position, a pivoted arm or resistor adapted to engage the ground, and said arm or resister constructed to release the kickers when the machine attains a forward momentum, substantially as described.

9. In a flying machine, the combination with a, body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on-the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison means for holding the kickers in set position, means for releasing the kickers from set po sition, means for drawing said kickers into set position, a pivoted arm or resistor adapted to engage the ground, said arm or resister constructed to release the kickers when the machine attains a forward momentum, substantially as described.

10. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs,

cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set posit-ion, means for releasing the kickers from set position, means for drawing said kickers into set position, said last-mentioned means comprising a drive shaft, a drum on the drive shaft, a clutch on the drive shaft locking said drum to the shaft, a flexible connecting device connecting the drum with one of said rods, means for moving said clutch, a pivoted arm or resister adapted to engage the ground,- and saidarm or resister constructed to release the kickerswhen the machine attains a forward momentum, substantially as described. i

11. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a spring kicker on said body, pivotally supported wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers are re- .leased to throw said wings to open flying position, substantially as described.

12. In a flying machine, the combination with a body of a spring kicker on the body, means for holding the kicker in set position, means for releasing the kicker, pivotally position, substantially support-ed wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers are released to throw said wings to open flying position, substantially as described.

12-3. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley, whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding said kickers in set position, pivotallysupported wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers are released to throw position, substantially as described.

H. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, aflexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position, means for releasing the kickers from set position, means for drawing said kickers into set position, pivotally supported Wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers arr released to throw said wings to open flying position, substantially as described.

15. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and eachkicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position. means for releasing the kickers from set position, means for drawing said kickers into set position, said last-mentioned means comprising a drive shaft, a drum on the drive shatt, a clutch 0n the drive shaft looking said drum to the shaft, :1, flexible connectin device connecting the drum with one 0? said rods, means for moving said clutch, pivot-ally supported wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers are released to throw said Wings to open flying position, substantially asdescribed.

16. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a spring kicker on said body, a pivoted arm or resister adapted to engage the ground, and said arm or resister const-ructed to release the kickers when the machine attains a forward momentum, pivotally supported Wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers are released to throw said Wings to 0 en flying as described said wings to open flying" ground, said arm or resister constructed torelease the kickers when the machine attains a forward momentum, pivotallysupported wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers are released to throw said wings to open flying position, substantially as described.

18. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers onsaid body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding said kickers in position, a pivoted arm or resistor adapted to engage the ground, and said arm or resist-er constructed to release the kickers when the machine attains a forward momentum, pivotally supported wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers arereleased to throw said wings to open flying position, substantially as described.

19. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprisingtwo flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a-flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in position, means for releasing the kickers from set-posit-ion, means for drawing said kickers into set position, a pivoted arm or resister adapt ed to engage the ground, said arm or re sister constructed to release the kickers \vhen the machine attains a forward momentum, p'ivotally supported wings, and means automatically operated when the kickers are released to throw said wings to open flying position, substantially as described.

20. In a flying machine. the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position, means for releasing the kickers from set position, means for drawing said kickers into set position,

drive shaft, a clutch on the drive shaft locking said drum to the shaft, a flexibleconnecting device connecting the drum with one of said rods, means for moving said said last-mentioned means comprising a drive shaft, a drum on the clutch, a pivoted arm or resister adapted to machine attains a forward momentum, pivotally supported wings, and means auto-.

matically operated when the kickers are released to throw said wings to open flying position, substantially as described.

horizontally movable pivoted wings, a propeller shaft, a vertically movable collapsible plane, drums loose on said propeller shaft, flexible connecting devices between said wings and said drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the shaft, kicker holding means adapted when re leased to move the drums into locked engagement with their clutches, and means operated by the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drums out of engagement with said clutches, substantially as described.

22. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a spring kicker on the body, means for holding the kicker set position, means for releasing the kicker, horizontally'movable pivoted wings, a propeller shaft, a vertically movable collapsible plane, drums loose on said propeller shaft, flexible connecting devices between said wings and said drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the shaft, kicker holding means adapted when released to move the drums into locked engagement with their clutches, and means operated by the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drums out of engagement with said clutches, substantially as described.

' 23. In'a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body,-

and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding said kickers in setposition, horizontally movable pivoted wings, a propeller shaft, a vertically movable collapsible plane, drums loose on said propeller shaft, flexible connecting devices between said wings and said drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the shaft, kicker holding means adapted when released to move the drums into locked engagement with their clutches, and 'means operated by the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drums out of engagement with said clutches, substantially as described.

24I'n a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position, means for releasing the kickers from set position, means for drawing said kickers into setposition, horizontally movable pivoted wings, a propeller shaft, a vertically mov- 21. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a spring kicker on said body, 1

able collapsible plane, drums loose on said propeller shaft, flexible connecting devices between said wings and said drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the shaft, kicker holding means adapted when released to move the drums into locked engagement with their clutches, and means operated by the wings whenthey reach their open position to throw said drums out of engagement with said clutches, substantially as described.

25. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position, means for releasing the kickers from set position, means for drawing said kickers into set position, said last-mentioned means comprising adrive shaft, a drum on the drive shaft, a clutch on the drive shaft locking said drum to the shaft, a flexible connccting device connecting the drum with one of said rods, means for moving said, clutch, horizontally movable pivoted wings,

a propeller shaft, a vertically movable collapsible plane, drums'loose on said propels ler shaft, flexible connecting device be tween said wings and said drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the shaft, kicker holding means adapted when released to move the drums into locked engagement with their clutches, and means operated by the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drumsaont' of engagement with said clutches, substantially as described.

26. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a spring kicker on said body, horizontally movable pivoted wings, a propeller shaft, a vertically movable collapsibleplane, drums loose on said propeller shaft, flexible connecting devices between said wings and said drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the shaft,

kicker holding means adapted when released to move the drums into locked engagement with their clutches, means operated by the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drums out of engagement with said clutches, and means for moving said wings and said plane into folded inoperative position, substantiallyias described.

.looseon said propeller.

27. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, of a'spring on the body, means for holding the kitk'er in set position, means for releasing the kicker, horizontally movable pivoted Wings, a propeller shaft, a vertically movable collapsible plane, drums shaft, flexible con; necting devices between said and said drums, clutches on said adapted to lock the drums to the shaft, kicker holding means: adapted Whenreleased to move the drums into locked engagement with their clutches, means operated by the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drums out of engagement with said switches, and means for moving said wings and 'said plane into folded inoperativeposition, substantially as described.

28, In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the springs of each 1 kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible for releasing the kickers from set position,

connecting device connecting said rods and passed over said pulley whereby are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding said kickers in set position, horizontally movable pivoted wings, a propeller shaft, a vertically movable collapsible plane, drums loose on said propeller shaft, flexible connecting device between said wings and said drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock' the drums to the shaft, kicker holding-means adapted when released to move the drumsinto locked engagement with their clutches, means operated b the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drums out of engagement with said. clutches, and means for moving said Wings and said plane into folded inoperative position, substantially as described 29. In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers on said body, and each kicker comprising two flat springs, cross rods connecting the s rings of earh kicker, a fixed pulley on the ody, a fleiihl connecting device connecting saidfiodfs and passed over said pulley whereby said kickers are compelled to operate in unison, means for holding the kickers in set position, means means for drawing said kickers into set posi- Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the said kickers tion, horizontally movable pivoted wings,

lapsible plane, Shaft, flexible oonneptinpj. devices bet ween said wings and said dhiiiiis, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the kicker ll'ol'ding means adapted when released to move the'drums into locked engagement with their clutches, means operatedby the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drains out of engagement-with said clutches, and means position, snbstantialiyas describedg v s In a flying machine, the combination with a body, spring kickers Oil Said body; and; each kicker com rising two flat spring cross rods connecting the springs 0 each kicker, a fixed pulley on the body, a flexible connecting device con'nectinp said to s and passed over said pulley are said kickers are compelled to ti,iii'1inison ,means for holding an hietas'in setpo'sition, means releasin the kicker's from set po'sitioh, h'ieans for drawing said l'rickers into-set position, said lastsmention'd meanscomprising .a drive. shaft, a drum on the drive shaft, a clutch on the drive shaft locking said drum to the shift, a flexible connecting device confiecting the drum with one of said rods, means for moving said clutch, horizontally movable pivotedw vertically "movable 'cjoillapsibl'e plane, drums loose onsaid pie-polar shaft, flexible connzg attics between said wings and said n drums, clutches on said shaft adapted to lock the drums to the shaft, kicker holding means adapted when released to move the drums into locked engagement withtheir clutches, means operated by the wings when they reach their open position to throw said drains out of and jfor moving said .wings and said plane into folded inoperatix e position, substahtially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses; v

c. PEHR A. NILSON.

Witnesses:

R; H. KRENKEL,

CHAS. E. Porrs.

Commissioner of latents.

A I for moving said win-gs said plane into {folded inoperative a propeller shaft, a vertically movable col-J drums loose on said propeller f shaft,

nfg'agiehient with said clutches, 

